Mosquera is a surname of Galician origin, later spreading to other parts of Spain such as Castile and Extremadura or Latin America.
According to etymologists, the name Mosquera is an allusion to a place where the greatest quantity of "aces" grows, and derives itself from the word "moscon", which originally referred to a type of tree.
Antonio Mosquera was born in Spain and was a soldier in the War of Flanders and governor of Puerto Rico.
As of 2014, 68.6% of all known bearers of the surname Mosquera were residents of Colombia (frequency 1:264), 8.7% of Ecuador (1:689), 7.0% of Venezuela (1:1,635), 4.5% of Spain (1:3,950), 2.7% of the Philippines (1:14,325), 1.9% of Peru (1:6,421), 1.8% of Panama (1:820), 1.4% of Argentina (1:11,512) and 1.2% of the United States (1:111,635).
In Spain, the frequency of the surname was higher than national average (1:3,950) only in one autonomous community: Galicia (1:409).