General Sir Mowbray Thomson KCIE (April 1, 1832 – February 25, 1917) was an officer in the British East India Company.

Mowbray Thomson was born in "Bhurtpore" (modern day Bharatpur, Rajasthan), India on April 1, 1832, son of Dr Richard Mowbray Martin Thomson (c. 1799-1849), a marine surgeon at Calcutta, and Mary, née Prendergast.

In 1853 he received a commission in the 53rd Bengal Native Infantry, a regiment in the British East India Company.

During the Indian Mutiny of 1857, Thomson played a key role in the defense of Wheeler's Entrenchment during the Siege of Cawnpore.

The funeral service was held on February 28 in Saint Bartholomew's church, Reading and his body cremated at Golders Green Crematorium in London.