It is located in the Valley of the Araguaia River, 300 kilometers from the state capital, Goiânia, and is served by highways GO-164 and GO-334.

The mountains that stand out are Constantino, Pimenta, Pouso Alto, Jiripoca, Tombador and Bananal and the hills of São João and Engano.

The European history of this town began in 1952 when the surveyors Pedro Leite da Silva, Mozart de Andrade Mota, and Edgar de Alencar Mota set up camp near the confluence of the Barreirinho and Fogueira rivers, to survey the land for an agricultural colony called "Barreirinho e São João".

In 1956 working together the settlers opened a road to Nova América so they could get their agricultural products to market.

In 1958 Barreirinho became a district in the municipality of Goiás, the name changing to Mozarlândia, in homage to Mozart Andrade Mota who had distributed land to settlers and ranchers who wanted to stay in the area.

Mota was mayor for two terms and in his administrations he carried out important works, like the building of the city hall, the public jail, and two plazas.

With an economy based on cattle raising, Mozarlândia has one of the largest packing houses in the country.

The biggest exporter of meat from Brazil and the second in Latin America, the Frigorífico Bertin, installed two years ago in the town, has the capacity to slaughter 1,500 head per day.

The leather is sent in a natural state to a tanner in São Luís de Montes Belos.