On the west, they are separated from the Marquesas Keys by the 6-mile (9.7 km) wide Boca Grande Channel.
The islets are uninhabited except for Mule Key, for which the census of 2000 lists one housing unit with a population of two (park rangers or coast guard).
The United States Government has placed most of this area off limits, as a part of the Key West National Wildlife Refuge.
Anchoring off the south part of Boca Grande Key is also prohibited; it is permitted only off the northwest portion.
After Wolkowsky's death in 2018, the island was donated to The Nature Conservancy, which in turn deeded ownership of the land to the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.