It begins with scientific information on olive trees: its botanic features and traditional and innovative systems of olive-growing.

Great attention is paid to the goddess Athena who, according to Greek mythology, offered mankind the first domesticated olive tree.

Masterpiece of this section is a red-decorated Attica alabastron (a type of pottery for holding oil) portraying the goddess Athena, ascribable to Foundry Painter (5th century B.C.).

[1] Other pieces of the collection are a tribute to Athena's civilizing action (as holder of technological knowledge) as to war, vessels, agriculture and housekeeping.

Such feature has always impressed travelers and visitors who, during their so-called Grand Tour, would record their emotions and interest in the landscape in their note-books, in sketches or descriptions.