Valley of Rephaim

is a valley descending southwest from Jerusalem to Nahal Sorek below, it is an ancient route from the coastal plain to the Judean Hills, probably named after the legendary race of giants.

Emek Refaim (Hebrew: עמק רפאים), the German Colony in Jerusalem, takes its name from this valley.

He sought refuge in "the hold" at Adullam (2 Samuel 5:17–22), and the Philistines took up their position in (or raided) the valley of Rephaim, on the west and south-west of Jerusalem.

Having obtained divine direction, David led his army against the Philistines, and gained a complete victory over them.

Again, warned by a divine saying about hearing a marching sound in the tops of the baka trees (הבכאים, KJV "mulberry trees", most modern versions "balsam"), David led his army to Gibeon, and attacked the Philistines from the south, inflicting on them another severe defeat, and chasing them with great slaughter to Gezer.

Jaffa–Jerusalem railway and Valley of Rephaim near Jerusalem
Refaim Bridge, at which the Jaffa–Jerusalem railway is passing below Road 386 , at the point Valley of Rephaim is entering Valley of Sorek
Jaffa–Jerusalem railway and Valley of Rephaim in the Judaean Mountains