The Netherlands competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany.

119 competitors, 90 men and 29 women, took part in 72 events in 16 sports.

Women's 3m Springboard Women's 10m Platform One fencer represented the Netherlands in 1972.

Three male pentathletes represented the Netherlands in 1972.

Men's 200m Freestyle Men's 400m Freestyle Men's 1500m Freestyle Men's 100m Backstroke Men's 200m Backstroke Men's 200m Individual Medley Men's 400m Individual Medley Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay Men's 4 × 200 m Freestyle Relay Women's 100m Freestyle Women's 200m Freestyle Women's 400m Freestyle Women's 800m Freestyle Women's 100m Backstroke Women's 200m Backstroke Women's 100m Breaststroke Women's 200m Breaststroke Women's 100m Butterfly Women's 200m Butterfly Women's 200m Individual Medley Women's 400m Individual Medley Women's 4 × 100 m Freestyle Relay Women's 4 × 100 m Medley Relay