The castle of Neuscharfeneck is a ruin and a cultural monument[1] above Ramberg and Dernbach on the territory of an exclave of Flemlingen in the district of Südliche Weinstraße in the west German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

The first castle, dating to the 13th century, was considerably smaller than the present ruins.

It therefore acted - apart from the hoarding (Plattform) that has not survived - primarily as passive protection for the castle behind it.

In the castle gardens, rare herbs such as White Henbane, Ingräu and Abbey Hysop were planted.

Four water basins, chiselled out of the rock in the 13th century, were used as cisterns, that were supplied with rainwater and, from the 16th century, with water from the Roßberg Spring, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) away, over pipes made of clay or hollow tree trunks.