The Newfoundland Mountains are crescent-shaped, mostly only 3 miles (4.8 km) wide, and its closest neighboring landform across the salt flats, is 6 miles (9.7 km) northeast from the northeast range terminus, the Hogup Mountains.

The range is made of one ridgeline, and gets progressively lower in elevation, especially at the very south.

The Union Pacific rail route across the central-north of the Great Salt Lake Desert lies about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the range; an unimproved road parallels the route.

From the west from Lucin, the unimproved route along the Union Pacific Railroad rail is 32-mile (51 km) long.

An unimproved road encircles the Newfoundland Mountains foothills at the salt flat.