Professor Count Nikolay Alekseyevich Bobrinski (10 March 1890 – 27 December 1964) was a Russian zoologist and biogeographer.
His father was Count Alexei Alekseevich Bobrinsky (descended from an illegitimate son of Catherine the Great and Count Grigory Orlov) and his mother Varvara was daughter of Nikolai Alexandrovich Lvov.
He however graduated as an external student at the Tula gymnasium where he became interested in natural sciences.
In 1920 the family moved to Tashkent, partly to avoid Bolshevik repression, and worked with D. N. Kashkarov.
He became interested in the zoogeography of central Asia and examined particularly the small mammals and birds.