Nizhny Lomov (Russian: Ни́жний Ломо́в) is a town and the administrative center of Nizhnelomovsky District in Penza Oblast, Russia, located on the Lomov River (Oka's basin), on the M5 Highway 109 kilometers (68 mi) northwest of Penza, the administrative center of the oblast.

[9] It was founded as an outpost in 1636 as part of the Belgorod Line defense system.

[10] It was later known as Lomovskaya sloboda, Lomovsky posad, and the village of Nizhny Lomov.

[citation needed] Town status was granted to it in 1780.

[1] As a municipal division, the town of district significance of Nizhny Lomov is incorporated within Nizhnelomovsky Municipal District as Nizhny Lomov Urban Settlement.