Nizhyn Regiment

The Cossacks could not capture the fortress with its strong defensive lines and the presence of a Polish garrison under the command of foreign officers.

Only at the end of September 1648, due to lack of food and disease, which ruthlessly mowed the besieged, the Poles went to negotiations and capitulated.

The following year, 1649, part of the Cossacks of the Nizhyn Regiment opposed the Grand Ducal Lithuanian Army led by Janusz Radziwiłł on the Hetmanate's northern border.

The successful actions of the Cossacks in this region did not allow the Lithuanians to provide significant assistance to the army of John II Casimir Vasa and contributed to Khmelnytsky's victory in the military campaign of 1649.

In August 1649, due to the betrayal of the Tatars, Khmelnytsky was forced to conclude the Treaty of Zboriv with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

At the beginning of 1651, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania Jan II Casimir violated the terms of the Peace of Zboriv by invading the Hetmanate.

Thus, the brother of the Field Crown Hetman Marcin Kalinowski, Samuel, was stationed in Nizhyn for the winter, and "the troops who had a large army with him, spread in various cities in the Dnieper and Zadesen."

This visit of the colonel to the hetman led to the fact that B. Khmelnytsky, having studied the situation in detail, executed a number of persons involved in illegal actions.

There were no major battles, and the war of 1653 in the Nizhyn region was marked by only minor skirmishes, after which Lithuanian troops retreated to their previous positions.

The next significant military action with the participation of the Cossacks of the Nizhyn Regiment began in May 1654, when Russia, in accordance with the terms of the Pereiaslav Council, declared war on the Commonwealth and invaded the territory of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Immediately after his election in 1687, Hetman I. Mazepa signed with the Russian government the Kolomatsky Articles, which determined the place and status of the Left Bank of Ukraine as part of the Moscow State.

The following representatives of the Cossack officers were sent to the hundreds of towns of the regiment: Hryhorii Samoilovych to Nova Mlyny, Samiilo Afanasiev to Verkiivka, Karpo Mankivsky to Sheptaky and others.

On April 24, 1689, 112,000 Russian riflemen and 50,000 Ukrainian Cossacks (including S. Zabila's Nizhyn Regiment) under the command of Vasyl Holitsyn and I. Mazepa again marched on the Crimean Khanate.

During the campaign, the Cossacks deal a devastating blow to the Budzha horde, capture the fortress of Hinkushli and release a number of prisoners.

In the autumn of 1700, by order of Peter I, Hetman I. Mazepa sent a corps of Cossacks to the Baltics to help the Moscow army, which had entered the war with the Kingdom of Sweden.

"Mazepa, entrusting his nephew with a large Cossack unit, clearly contributed to his hardening, maturing, gaining experience in the difficult conditions of war.

On November 19, the Russians suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of the Swedish army led by Charles XII.

The appearance of I. Obidovsky's corps in the Baltics, the unexpected raids of the Ukrainian Cossacks deep into the territory of the Swedes forced Charles XII to place troops in the border fortresses and to live in constant anticipation of the attack.

After long meetings, the Swedish command decided to conduct a punitive expedition against the Cossack troops from Ukraine.

Thus, in June 1705, the hetman sent several hundred Nizhyn regiments to the Duma deacon Omelian Ukrainets with an order to "tame those Zaporozhian dogs."

The 2nd Army also included 6,000 Cossacks from the Chernihiv and Nizhyn Regiments under the command of P. Myloradovych, P. Rozumovsky, and Oleksandr Bezborodko.