It was significantly expanded by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad between 1918 and 1921 and made into a hump yard.
Conrail superseded Penn Central in 1976 and sold off the yard to the Providence and Worcester Railroad in 1982.
In the early 1980s, Amtrak established facilities at the yard to support its maintenance of way operations along the Northeast Corridor.
The general design of the yard was influenced by the long and narrow parcel of land the New Haven owned in Providence and Pawtucket, with 900 feet (270 m) of width available as opposed to 2 miles (3.2 km) of length.
The original alignment of these tracks passed through the central portion of what was to be Northup Avenue Yard.
Were it not built, the New Haven would instead have expanded six existing yards in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut.
[8][9] Upon the opening of the retarders and other improvements for service, Providence newspaper The Evening Tribune described Northup Avenue Yard as "the finest in the New Haven system".
[15] Amtrak built a spray wash building at this site in 2006 to clean maintenance of way and work vehicles.