The "Golden Pantry" of the museum exhibits real things made of precious metals, the oldest of which date back to the beginning of the second millennium BC.

Out of the 50,000 coins stored in the museum, the rarest of gold and silver minted in ancient Greece, Rome, Byzantium, and Kyivan Rus are on display.

The museum conducts extensive archaeological researches on many monuments of the Eneolithic and Bronze Ages (for example, the settlement of the late Trypillia culture Usatovo, Mayaki).

Monuments of the Early Iron Age in the lower reaches of the Danube (Orlivka-Kartal), ancient times – on the banks of the Dniester estuary (the city of Nikonion), Odesa Bay – Tiligula are also studied.

Joint research activities are conducted with specialists from Bulgaria, Great Britain, Greece, Denmark, Egypt, Germany, Poland, Romania, France and others.