[2] Oliver Baumann joined SC Freiburg's youth team in 2002, since then he has gone on to make 104 Bundesliga appearances for the club.

On the last day of the 2009–10 Bundesliga season, Baumann made his senior team debut in a 3–1 home victory over Borussia Dortmund.

[5] Despite his terrible performance, he started the following game against Nürnberg and kept a clean sheet to help Freiburg achieve its first win of the 2013–14 season.

[11] Four of his seven under-19 matches were qualifiers for the 2009 European Under-19 Championships, but despite his two clean sheets in the elite round, Germany failed to progress.

He finally made his senior debut on 14 October 2024, in the starting eleven for a 2024–25 UEFA Nations League A match against the Netherlands at the Allianz Arena, and kept a clean sheet in Germany's 1–0 victory.