Osman Nuri Eralp (1876–1940) was a Turkish politician, veterinarian and microbiologist.

He completed his university education at "Mekteb-i Tıbbiye-i Mülkiye" which was the medical school of Darülfünun (House of Multiple Sciences, name of Istanbul University in Ottoman era).

To continue studying for a post-graduate qualification, he attended Sorbonne and Pasteur Institute.

[2] He notably contributed to the field of bacteriology via his research on microorganisms (tuberculosis, anthrax, cholera, syphilis, gonorrhea), and the field of virology by his research on rinderpest.

He wrote the first science fiction book in Turkey called Başka Dünyalarda Canlı Mahlukat Var Mıdır?