Julius Ossian Schauman (30 March 1862 – 6 February 1922) was one of the founders of the Swedish-speaking non-governmental organization Folkhälsan, which provides social welfare and health care services in Finland.

There seems to have been a genetic heart defect running in the family, since both Ossian Schauman and several of his brothers also died before they had turned 60 years old.

In his will, he donated a sum of money for the purpose of creating and maintaining a Swedish speaking institute for genetic research.

Folkhälsan funds its operations by selling services to cities and communes, including child and geriatric care.

Additionally, Folkhälsan receives funding from the state owned chance games revenues, and donations.