Osvobozhdeniye

Osvobozhdeniye ("Liberation") was a liberal magazine during the final revolutionary years of the Russian Empire, prior to the October Manifesto in 1905.

It was published in Stuttgart (Germany) and Paris (France), successively.

[1][2] The publication was on a regular basis smuggled into Russia and enjoyed a wide readership.

It advocated the establishment of a constitutional monarchy, alongside the granting of full civil rights in Russia.

[2] Contributors included Pavel Milyukov, who for a short period of time in 1917 would become Foreign Minister,[1] and Pyotr Struve, who perhaps was most influential as editor of Osvobozhdeniye.