The city of Oxford, the home of Miami University, is located in the township.

The eleventh in order of creation, Oxford Township was erected from Milford Township by the Butler County Commissioners on August 5, 1811.

[citation needed] The site was chosen by the State of Ohio for a college in order to fulfill the unkept promise of John Cleves Symmes.

[citation needed] Located in the northwestern corner of the county, it borders the following townships: The highest point in Butler County, altitude 1,051 feet (320 m), is in Oxford Township.

[5] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.