Pameungpeuk

To complete the dam, Prabu Arbawisesa used his supernatural powers to lift a massive stone and place it in the remaining gap, successfully blocking the water flow.

Several rubber processing factories were established in Cibalong, Cikelet (Condong), Cisompet (Bunisari Lendra), and Pameungpeuk (Bangbayang).

To support the export activities, the Santolo Port, locally known as Cilautereun (meaning "resting water"), was constructed in the 1920s.

The shipping route for rubber and tea exports began in Batavia (Jakarta), following the Java Sea westward, then turning into the Sunda Strait before heading south.

Ships would stop at Tinjil Island, then Pelabuhan Ratu (Sukabumi) to collect additional rubber and tea from the surrounding plantations.

This occurred after an American naval plane they were traveling on was forced to make an emergency landing at the Pameungpeuk airfield due to fuel exhaustion.

This coastal location directly faces the Indian Ocean, while the northern parts bordering Cikelet and Cisompet exhibit a more hilly and rugged landscape.

The diverse elevation contributes to a variety of agricultural products, particularly lowland vegetables such as rice, chili peppers, spinach, and long beans.

Agriculture dominates land use, especially in East Pameungpeuk, where Mandalakasih village (Tegal Buleud) is renowned for its exceptional rice cultivation, dating back to the Dutch colonial era.

Most of the Pameungpeuk District area has a gentle lowland contour and faces directly onto the Indian Ocean (the southern coastline of West Java).

Meanwhile, other ethnic groups are spread in small proportions, including Javanese, Batak, Minangkabau, Madurese, Malay and together with other tribes in smaller numbers.

As one of the most developed areas in the southern region of Garut Regency, the majority of the population of Pameungpeuk District depend on trade, agriculture and other agribusiness sectors for their livelihoods.

The vast majority of Pameungpeuk sub-district's population is Muslim (99.85%), with a small minority adhering to other religions, primarily Protestant Christianity and Catholicism.

This district is crossed by the South Coast National Road (Jalan Nasional Pantai Selatan Jawa) of West Java, which connects Pangandaran to Pelabuhan Ratu (Sukabumi Regency).

Pameungpeuk between 1920 and 1940. Photo by Thilly Weissenborn