Pauline Neura Reilly OAM FRAOU (5 December 1918 – 22 April 2011) was an Australian ornithologist and author of children's books.
From 1964 to 1981 she was the Honorary Regional Victorian Organiser of the Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme.
Reilly was actively involved in ornithological fieldwork for many years, especially in studies of little penguins.
In 1978–79 she became the first woman to spend the summer research season on subantarctic Macquarie Island to band penguins.
In later years Reilly moved to Aireys Inlet on the Victorian coast where she concentrated on writing a series of scientifically accurate children's books about Australian birds and other animals, mainly illustrated first by Will Rolland and later by Kaylene Traynor.