The exposition presents the development of medicine and pharmacology from ancient times.

The idea to create a museum of the history of medicine came from professor Stradiņš in the 30s of the XX century, when his personal collection of medical exhibits gained fame among his colleagues.

Professor Stradiņš, together with like-minded people, systematically created a collection of visual aids for medical students and specialists.

Initially, medical fields of surgery and oncology, the professions of the professor himself, were most widely represented in the museum's collection.

In 1987, the museum expanded with new branch Museum of Pharmacy, which was created on the basis of personal collections of the historian Davis Blumenthal and pharmacist Janis Maisite.