Philipp Jakob Cretzschmar (11 June 1786 – 4 May 1845) was a German physician and natural scientist.

[1] Cretzschmar was the founder and second director of the Senckenberg Natural History Society in 1817.

The Atlas zu der Reise im nördlichen Afrika ("Atlas of Rüppell's Travels in Northern Africa"; 1826–31) [3][4] included an ornithological section by Cretzschmar describing around thirty new species, including Meyer's parrot, Nubian bustard, Goliath heron, streaked scrub warbler and Cretzschmar's bunting.

In the field of mammalogy, he is the binomial author of the scimitar-horned oryx and Soemmerring's gazelle.

[5][6] The "Cretzschmar-Medaille" is an award offered by the Senckenberg foundation for outstanding work in natural sciences.