[2] The two GGPP molecules are condensed together followed by removal of diphosphate and proton shift leading to the formation of phytoene.

Dietary phytoene and phytofluene are found in a number of human tissues including the liver, lung, breast, prostate, colon, and skin.

[4][5] Phytoene is a symmetric molecule containing three conjugated double bonds.

[clarification needed][citation needed] Analysis of several fruits and vegetables showed that phytoene and phytofluene are found in majority of fruits and vegetables.

The structure of phytoene was established and proven by total synthesis, by the Basil Weedon group in 1966.