As in all Plasmodium species, it has both vertebrate and insect hosts.

Host species infected by this parasite include Agama colonorum.

[citation needed] Infection with P. agamae induces anaemia in its host which in turn reduces running stamina.

Infection with P. agamae alone does not reduce the number of eggs laid by the females but simultaneous coinfection with P. giganteum may result in a reduction in the clutch size by two thirds.

[citation needed] Fever occurs but is irregular.