Pleurosigma is a genus of widely distributed diatoms found abundantly in brackish to marine waters.

[1] Pleurosigma is mainly a benthic genus of diatoms, whose cells are several times longer than they are wide.

During anaphase, daughter chromosomes join at the poles of the spindle apparatus, and then move farther apart.

Cytokinesis starts during anaphase, where a small cleavage slices the cytoplasm into two along the valvar plane.

Many species of the genus were described by Albert Mann in 1925, but remained unrecorded due to hasty documentation.