Portugal competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea.

A dodadinal delegation of sixty four competitors participated in a new record number of fourteen sports.

[1] Portugal's only medal was its second Olympic gold ever, won by the Los Angeles 1984 women's marathon bronze medalist Rosa Mota who added the Olympic title to her European and World marathon titles.

Swimming events also registered a bigger amount than the usual.

[2] Men's Individual Competition: Women's Individual Competition: 100m: 200m: 400m: 800m: 1,500m: 5,000m: 10,000m: Marathon 20 km Walk: 50 km Walk: 110m Hurdles: 4 × 100 m Relay: 4 × 400 m Relay: Long Jump: Triple Jump: 3000m: 10000m: Marathon: Men's Individual Jumping: Men's Individual All-Round Competition: Women's Individual All-Round Competition: Women's Individual All-Round Competition: Men's Extra Lightweight (–60 kg): Men's Half Middleweight (–78 kg): Women's Half Middleweight (–61 kg): One male pentathlete represented Portugal in 1988.