In contrast, languages with pronoun avoidance tend to feature complex systems of honorifics and use pronoun avoidance as a form of negative politeness,[2] instead employing expressions referring to status, relationship or title.
[1] In these languages, second person pronouns still exist, but are used primarily to address social equals and inferiors.
[1] For example, in Indonesian, the standard terms of respectful forms of address are Bapak (literally "father") and Ibu ("mother") for men and women respectively,[3] and the neologism Anda was invented in the 1950s to function as a polite second-person pronoun.
In Vietnamese, a set of finely graded kinship terms largely replace all pronouns, but it is also common particularly for women to refer to themselves by name, and titles are often used for third parties.
[7] As well, there may be sociolects or dialects where pronoun avoidance occurs while more prevalent forms of the language lack it.