Public participation (decision making)

Participation in the corporate sector has been studied as a way to improve business related processes starting from productivity to employee satisfaction.

This learning ranges from everyday activities, in which community members gain a new skill to complete a task or participate through social events to keep their cultural practices alive.

A social interaction that continues to thrive because of this high level of non-obligation is the everyday action of translating.

From the citizen viewpoint, participation enables individuals and groups to influence agency decisions in a representational manner.

Abuses of scientific research participants, including well-known examples like the Tuskegee syphilis experiment, may continue to erode trust in scientists among vulnerable populations.

Additionally, past efforts to come to scientific consensus on controversial issues have excluded the public, and as a result narrowed the scope of technological risks considered.

For example, at the 1975 Asilomar conference on recombinant DNA, scientists addressed the risks of biological contamination during laboratory experiments, but failed to consider the more varied public concerns that would surface with commercial adoption of genetically modified crops.

[20] Researchers acknowledge that further infrastructure and investment is needed to facilitate effective participatory decision-making in science.

A five-part approach has been suggested: Communities can be involved in local, regional and national cultural heritage initiatives, in the processes of creation, organisation, access, use and preservation.

[21] The internet has facilitated this, particularly via crowdsourcing, where the general public is asked to help contribute to shared goals, creating content, but also as a form of mutually beneficial engagement[22] particularly with the collections and research of Galleries, Libraries, Archives, and Museums (GLAM).

[23] Youth participation in civic activities has been found to be linked to a student's race, academic track, and their school's socioeconomic status.