of the crown rust fungus (Puccinia coronata) which infects oat plants (Avena sativa).

[2] One reason why Pca has such a prominent effect is that the conditions which favor oat production also favor the growth and inoculation of the rusts: Meaning that years in which the highest yields of crops are expected are the same years in which losses are the highest as well.

[3] The virulence of Pca and the resistance of wild oat plants is a highly studied topic.

[4] There are most likely multiple traits that control both virulence and resistance which suggests a very interactive host-parasite coevolution.

[1] Avenalumins are antimicrobial compounds which inhibit hyphal growth, thus preventing P. coronata from spreading.