He called his approach Metabolic Activation Therapy (MAT), which consisted of an ever-increasing baseline of insulin using Respiratory Quotient to determine the efficiency of treatment (US Patent 4,826,810).
Normally, insulin is secreted from the pancreas in pulses into the portal vein which brings blood into the liver in variable amounts, closely related to ingestion of meals.
For example, a trial with CalPERS resulted in a decision ordering Blue Cross and other insurance providers to pay for the therapy as to those parties.
However, a subsequent assessment by CMS found no evidence that Pulsatile Insulin improves the condition of type 1 and 2 diabetics and has issued a National non-coverage decision which to date is still in effect.
Until acceptable clinical trials are performed to show the benefit of pulsatile insulin or Artificial Pancreas Treatment as it is being currently marketed as, the Medicare NCD will continue to remain in effect.