Punto a groppo

Punto a groppo (Italian, "knotted lace")[1] is type of lace made without bobbins (weights).

It originated in Italy, possibly Milan,[2] in the 16th century and usually incorporated geometric patterns.

[4] Punto a groppo was typically used for edging.

Although related to macramé,[5][6] which is knotted by hand, punto a groppo was likely created with a needle.

[4][7] Punto a groppo was also called gropo, gruppo, gropari,[4] and point noué.

Complex knotted lace
1902 illustration of punto a groppo