It is the largest suburb of Trenton, the state's capital, which is located to the township's west.

Groveville (with a 2010 Census population of 2,945[33]), Hamilton Square (12,784[34]), Mercerville (13,230[35]), White Horse (9,494[36]) and Yardville (7,186[37]) are all census-designated places and unincorporated communities located within the township.

[59] As of the 2000 United States census[18] there were 87,109 people, 33,523 households, and 23,667 families residing in the township.

[53][54] As of late 2005, much of the new residential development in Hamilton has been geared to accommodating the aging baby boomer generation.

Hamilton voters have often rejected increases in school budgets in their yearly elections to keep already high taxes from growing higher.

As a result, the planning board has been reluctant to authorize construction of housing that will increase the student population.

Another reason is a series of improvements to Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, Hamilton.

Hamilton Township continues to expand rapidly to accommodate the increase in citizens residing in the community.

[65] The township's government is comprised of the Mayor and the five-member Township Council, with all elected representatives chosen at-large on a partisan basis as part of the November general election in odd-numbered years and serving four-year terms of office.

[67] As of 2023[update], the Mayor of Hamilton Township is Democrat Jeffrey S. Martin, serving a term of office that ends December 31, 2023.

[68][69][70][71][72][73] In January 2020, the Township Council chose Charles Whalen from a list of three candidates nominated by the Democratic municipal committee to fill the seat expiring in December 2021 that had been held by Jeffrey Martin until he stepped down to take office as mayor.

[75] On April 27, 2012, Mayor John Bencivengo was charged by the U.S. Attorney's office for corruption in the extortion of payments in exchange for influencing the awarding of a health insurance contract for the Township's Board of Education.

[77] On June 29, 2012, Rob Warney, a former Hamilton Township Director in Mayor John Bencivengo's cabinet, pleaded guilty before US District Court Judge Peter Sheridan to laundering money related to the federal bribery indictment against Mayor Bencivengo.

Warney also admitted to accepting a bribe in 2006 in exchange for his vote and influence over a health insurance broker's contract.

[78] On November 19, 2012, Bencivengo was found guilty on all counts of corruption, extortion and bribery.

[79] Councilman Kevin J. Meara was sworn in as Acting Mayor, replacing Bencivengo following his resignation.

[87][88][89] For the 119th United States Congress, New Jersey's 3rd congressional district is currently represented Herb Conaway (D, Delran Township).

[93] As of 2025[update], the County Executive is Daniel R. Benson (D, Hamilton Township) whose term of office ends December 31, 2027.

The Hamilton Township School District serve students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade.

[158][159][160] Eighth grade students from all of Mercer County are eligible to apply to attend the high school programs offered by the Mercer County Technical Schools, a county-wide vocational school district that offers full-time career and technical education at its Health Sciences Academy, STEM Academy and Academy of Culinary Arts, with no tuition charged to students for attendance.

With nearly 90,000 residents and 40 square miles (100 km2) of land, it offers modern train station and major roads passing through.

[178] The Turnpike's Woodrow Wilson service area is located between Interchanges 7 and 7A northbound at milepost 58.7.

[179] The Richard Stockton service area is located between Interchanges 7A and 7 southbound at milepost 58.7.

In Hamilton, new sound barriers and overpasses were built, as well as new entrance & exit ramps to the service areas.

[181] With the addition in 1999 of the Hamilton train station located on Sloan Avenue just off I-295 at Exit 65B, the township has attracted more New York City-based commuters to the area.

[184][185] The Greater Mercer Transportation Management Association offers service between Hamilton and Matrix Business Park on the ZLine route to the Amazon sorting center in Robbinsville Township on the ZLine2; and on the Route 130 Connection between the Trenton Transit Center and South Brunswick.

[193] People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Hamilton Township include: