R. Lalthantluanga (born 1 March 1947) is a retired professor of biochemistry and the former vice chancellor of Mizoram University, India.

He is the former head, professor and founding faculty of the Department of Biochemistry, Dean of School of Life Sciences, and pro-vice-chancellor of North Eastern Hill University.

He entered the faculty of Ahmednagar College in 1968, and then joined the Department of Zoology, North Eastern Hill University, in 1974.

He had served as the Head of the department, Dean of School of Life Sciences, and also as the pro-vice-chancellor at the Mizoram Campus of NEHU from 1990 to 2001.

[3] R. Lalthantluanga started his research career on the study of haemoglobin of horses, cows and insects.