[4] Some argue that the term Zhonghua minzu is intended to justify the Han race (汉族 or 汉民族)[2] based "assimilationist" policy.
Jamil Anderlini, an editor for the Financial Times, said that the concept of "Chinese race" nominally includes 56 officially recognized ethnicities (including Tibetans and Uyghurs) in China, but is "almost universally understood to mean the majority Han ethnic group, who make up more than 90 per cent of the population.
In the 20th century, racial nationalist sentiment was shared on all political spectrums in South Korea, including not just right-wing dictatorships, but liberals and leftists who resisted it.
[16][17] When the racialist expressions were removed from South Korea's Pledge of Allegiance in 2007, it is opposed by some left-wing nationalists who wished for Korean reunification.
[19] Many modern Korean nationalists deny the connection to "race" by limiting the meaning of minjok to the meanings of "nation", "people" and "ethnic group",[20][21] because minjok (민족, lit: "folk") and injong (인종, lit: race) are distinct concepts in Korean language.