The Railway Safety Agency, in Spanish, Agencia Estatal de Seguridad Ferroviaria (AESF) is a Spanish state agency within the Department of Transport.

The agency is responsible for granting, suspending and revoking the licenses of railway companies.

[2] As the responsible authority of the railway safety, the AESF is responsible for:[3] The agency is structured into three main governing bodies as follows:[4] The President is the institutional representative of the agency and its Governing Council.

The Director is the executive officer of the Agency and responsible for its ordinary management.

[6] The first directo of the agency was Carlos Díez Arroyo, who served from 2015 to 2017.