Rangpur Sadar Upazila was established in 1983 from taking then Kotwali Thana area.

In 2011 the area of Sadar Upazila reduce to 121.39 km and number union reduce to 4 due most of the union becomes part of the newly established Rangpur City Corporation.

The padas of Rangpur Sadar are Dhaap, Kamal Kasna, Robertsonganj, Mondolpara, Kuthirpara, Bahar Kasna, Munshipara, Mulatole Pada, Keranipara, Gomostapara, New Engineer Pada, Kotkipara, Deudoba Dangirpara, Palapara (also named Pakpara), Lalbagh.

According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Rangpur Sadar Upazila had 165,017 households and a population of 718,203.

Rangpur Sadar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 60.99%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 958 females per 1000 males.