The society was founded in 1844, largely on the initiative of George Johnston and named after the naturalist John Ray (1627–1705).
[1] The Ray Society's publications are concerned with natural history, and have special but not exclusive reference to British flora and fauna.
They include original monographs on particular groups and topics, facsimiles of historically important volumes and translations of existing works.
During Charles Darwin's lifetime, the Ray Society published not only Darwin's two volumes on living barnacles (1851 and 1854) but also the work of many of the foremost British naturalists: Thomas Henry Huxley, William Crawford Williamson, John Blackwall, Albert Günther, James Scott Bowerbank, etc.
University College London holds c.150 items published by the Ray Society, a near complete set of works between 1844 and 1996.