[1] It is stimulated by angiotensin II and aldosterone, and inhibited by atrial natriuretic peptide.
In the latter part it is favored by an electrochemical driving force, but initially it needs the cotransporter SGLT and the Na-H antiporter.
Water is reabsorbed to the same degree, resulting in the concentration in the end of the proximal tubule being the same as in the beginning.
[citation needed] Sodium is reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb of loop of Henle, by Na-K-2Cl symporter and Na-H antiporter.
[citation needed] In the distal convoluted tubule sodium is transported against an electrochemical gradient by sodium-chloride symporters.