It may present with lower back pain, kidney failure, hypertension, deep vein thrombosis, and other obstructive symptoms.
[7][8][9] Otherwise, one-third of cases are secondary to malignancy, medication (methysergide, hydralazine, beta blockers), prior radiotherapy, or certain infections.
Malignant retroperitoneal fibrosis usually gives uneven MRI signals, is bulky, extends above the origins of renal arteries, or displaces the aorta anteriorly.
[1] Glucocorticoids act as anti-inflammatory agents, diminishing the size of the retroperitoneal mass and alleviating obstructions and associated complications; this is achieved through the suppression of cytokine synthesis that contributes to the acute-phase reaction, and by impeding the development of collagen.
[26] The selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen has shown to improve the condition in various small trials, although the exact mechanism of its action remains unclear.