However, complications can occur, and iatrogenic injury is disruption of healthy tissue which might lead to local inflammation in the process of healing and scarring which can result in ureteric stricture.
In the same way gynaecological operations near the ureters can lead to their injury, one of the common conditions where surgical plans are not clear is the presence of advanced endometriosis.
[3] Radiotherapy had been identified as a modality of treatment of several cancers in the pelvis and the abdomen which may lead to ureteric stricture formation among other urological adverse effects too such as radiation induced cystitis.
The symptoms of ureteric stricture varies from one patient to another, onset; acute or chronic, mode of injury or concurrent complications play a significant role as most other conditions.
Nuclear imaging plays a significant role to diagnose difficult cases and to evaluate the ipsilateral kidney function, such as MAG3 studies.
These reconstructive procedures address issues such as obstructions, trauma, surgical injury, or diseases that compromise the integrity of the urinary tract.
For more extensive reconstruction, the ileal ureter approach repurposes a segment of the small intestine (ileum) to create a new channel for urine flow, often draining into an external pouch.