[2] Rhineland is located within the physiographic region known as the Texas Rolling Plains, approximately 1 mi (1.6 km) south of the Brazos River at the intersection of Farm-to-Market roads 267 and 2534 in southeastern Knox County.

[4] The community was officially established on February 1, 1895, when the land contract between J.C. League and German-born Catholics – Father Joseph R. Reisdorff and Hugh Herchenbach – was notarized.

[2] The 12,000-acre (49 km2) plot was advertised as a colony for German Catholics and was named after the Rhineland region in Germany.

Over the years, the community experienced a slight rise in population, but the number of businesses declined.

[2] Public education in the community of Rhineland is provided by the Munday Consolidated Independent School District.