Ridge function

In mathematics, a ridge function is any function

that can be written as the composition of an univariate function

, that is called a profile function, with an affine transformation, given by a direction vector

Then, the ridge function reads

Coinage of the term 'ridge function' is often attributed to B.F. Logan and L.A.

[1] A ridge function is not susceptible to the curse of dimensionality[clarification needed], making it an instrumental tool in various estimation problems.

This is a direct result of the fact that ridge functions are constant in

independent vectors that are orthogonal to

, such that these vectors span

In other words, any shift of

in a direction perpendicular to

Ridge functions play an essential role in amongst others projection pursuit, generalized linear models, and as activation functions in neural networks.

For a survey on ridge functions, see.

[2] For books on ridge functions, see.