Rignano Flaminio borders the municipalities of Calcata, Capena, Civitella San Paolo, Faleria, Magliano Romano, Morlupo, and Sant'Oreste.

Agricultural settlements of the Capenati and Falisci in the area are attested from the 5th or 4th centuries BC.

In the 6th century AD a popular pilgrimage church, entitled to St. Abondius and Abondantius, was created here; the saints' relics were moved to Rome, on the Tiber Island, in 999.

Rignano was first a possession of Santa Maria in Trastevere and then of the Savelli family, who were shortly ousted by Pope Alexander VI.

After the fall of the Borgia, the Savelli regained it and held the fief until 1607, when they sold it to the Borghese.