Roberto V. Pesqueira Morales (1882 – 1966) was a Mexican politician who was elected twice to the Chamber of Deputies and was commissioned by President Venustiano Carranza to work as a confidential agent in the United States and secure diplomatic recognition to his regime.

His older brother, Ignacio, went on to serve as Governor of Sonora.

[2]: 72  Roberto joined Francisco I. Madero's Anti-Reelectionist Party in 1910 and was elected federal deputy representing the first district of Sonora in 1913,[1] but refused to serve in the Chamber of Deputies after the consummation of Victoriano Huerta's coup d'état on 20 February 1913, and decided to join the revolutionary forces instead.

[2]: 58 He was elected federal deputy once again in 1917 and acquired oil fields some years later.

In February 1923 he wrote a letter to President Álvaro Obregón, alerting him of some irregularities detected in his foreign competitors; in particular, the Huasteca Oil Company.