The fossil human footprints called Ciampate del Diavolo have been found there.

In the territory of the volcano are traces of Ausonian or Auruncan settlements, with remains of polygonal walls dating to the 6th-5th century BC.

In the Middle Ages and the modern era it was a fief of Neapolitan and Papal noble families, while under the Bourbon rulers it was a direct possession of the crown of the Two Sicilies.

Roccamonfina's main attraction is the sanctuary of Maria Santissima dei Lattani, founded in 1430 by St. Bernardino of Siena and St. James of the Marches and enlarged to the current shape in 1448–1507.

The Collegiate church of Santa Maria Maggiore is of medieval origin, but its current appearance dates to the 1715 restoration.