Variano borders with the municipalities of Ailano, Caianello, Marzano Appio, Pietravairano, Pratella, Presenzano, Raviscanina, Riardo and Teano.

Remains found on the hills of Vairano certify that primitive men lived in caves or in wooden huts.

In the 11th century, the Normans subdued the Lombards, and in 1191 emperor Herny VI of Hohenstaufen gave the castle to Roffredo dell’Isola, the abbot of Montecassino.

In 1590 Vairano and Marzanello were bought by Baron Mormile who turned the military fortress into a residential seat.

Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel II met in Vairano at Taverna della Catena to ratify the Unity of Italy.