Roccamonfina (volcano)

The central caldera has a diameter of nearly 6 km (4 mi) and the small commune (town) of Roccamonfina is located inside it.

Volcanic activity is now replaced by minor seismic movements and by the presence of mineral waters.

The Ciampate del Diavolo are a series of hominid footprints in solidified ash from an eruption of the volcano 345,000 years ago.

The volcano originated as a stratovolcano in the Garigliano rift valley, with a group of eruptive mouths spread in a 1,000 km2 (386 sq mi) area; later an effusive activity concentrated in the central area, forming a volcanic cone some 1,800 m-high, mostly formed of tephra and accompanied by minor cones such as the Monte Ofelio at south-west.

Some 400,000 years ago, the collapse of the volcano's eastern sector formed a caldera which, for some time, was occupied by a volcanic lake.