Federal and tribal lands make up 632 miles (1,017 km), or approximately 33 percent, of the nearly 2,000 miles (3,200 km) total.
Private and state-owned lands constitute the remaining 67 percent of the border, most of which is located in Texas.
[1] In 1907, Theodore Roosevelt in a Presidential Proclamation (35 Stat.
2136) established the reservation in order to keep all public lands along the border in California, Arizona, and New Mexico "free from obstruction as a protection against the smuggling of goods between the United States and Mexico".
Construction of the Mexico–United States border wall along the border in the states of California, Arizona, and New Mexico was expedited since the reservation reduced the need to acquire additional private property.