Rosora is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Ancona in the Italian region Marche, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Ancona.

Rosora borders the following municipalities: Arcevia, Castelplanio, Cupramontana, Maiolati Spontini, Mergo, Montecarotto, Poggio San Marcello.

The origins of Rosora are connected to the Lombards, who built here a castrum (castle), probably over a pre-existing Roman structure.

In the Middle Ages it was a commune, later annexed to that of Jesi.

It was under the Papal States until 1860, when it became part of the Kingdom of Italy.